Brake system



Aug.l5 ,1939. D. F. may 2,169,646

BRAKE SYSTEM Filed Jan. 27, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 In [JCT Jim 22 m 1510/ 1%} Aiibrneus Aug. v15, 1939. I D. F [REY 2,169,646-

- :BRAkE SYSTEM Filed Jan. 27, 19.38 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Attorneys Aug. 15, 1939. 1 Hum 2,169,6 BRAKE SYSTEM Filed Jan. 27, 19:58 3 Sheets-Shee t 3 I .w=L I E I I f Inventor fld w Jain/Zr fi'v By QM I Aiiomey Patented Aug. 15, 1939.

BRAKE SYSTEM David Fowler llrby, Gretna, La., assignor of onefourth to Joseph Calzada and one-fourth to Frederick J. Fabre, both of Gretna, La.

Application January 27, 1938, Serial No. 187,289

I 2 Claims.

is to provide a braking system which can be used in conjunction withthe usual internal combustion engine of the automobile, wherein the usual suction effect of the internal combustion enginewill produce the necessary power for operating the brakes. I Another object of the invention is to provide a braking apparatus for vehicles wherein the suction eiiect of the internal combustion engine will build up air pressure for operating the usual brakes'of the automobile.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a braking system for land vehicles of -.Referring to the drawings wherein like the motor driven type wherein the motor is employed for producing air pressure for operating the brakes in a practical and highly emcient manner.

These and various other important objects'and advantages of the invention will become apparent to the reader of the following specificatlon.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 represents a fragmentary detailed sectional view through the wheel brakes.

Figure 2 represents an elevational view of one section of the brake housing, shovnng the expansible annulus.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detailed sectional view of the wheel brake structure.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view through the control valve.

Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view through the pump means- Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view disclosing the various connections between the pump, valve and wheels.-

Figure 7 and Figure 8 represent elevational views of the braking elements.

I numerals designate like parts, it can be seen inFigure 6, that numeral 5 generally refers to the internal combustion engine. Numeral 6 generally refers to the pump of the braking system which is connected with the pressure tank generally referred to by numeral 1. Numeral 8 generally refers-to the control valve from which connections As shown in Figure 1, numeral l denotes the usual axle housing from which extends the usual tapered axle end ll keyed as at I2 to the hub l3. The hub I3 is provided with the an nular flange It bolted as at it to the. section l of th housing of the brake.

The section iii of the housing is bolted as at ll to the section l5 and in spaced relation with respect thereto.

The collar 18 extends from the housing Ill and is provided with the annulus I 9 extending vertically therefrom. This annulus i9 is bolted as at 20 to the collar l8 and to opposite sides of this annulus I9 is secured a pair of diaphramic elements 2|. These elements are indicated by the letters a and band the annulus is formed with a plurality of openings 22, in each of which is arranged the head of an anchor bolt 23. These bolts have their threaded shanks passing through the elements a and 1) into threaded holes in the friction plates 9|! so that these plates are clamped to the outer faces of the elements a and b.

The inner ends of these diaphragms a--b are secured suitably to the collar ill (see Figure 3).

Through the collar l8 extends a duct or ducts 24 which open through the tubes 25 into the spaces c--d, between the diaphragms a--b and the annulus i9. As shown in Figure 3, the diaphragms are ecured to the annulus l9 by bolts 26 at their outer edges and at their inner edges to thecollar 18 as at 21.

The sections l5l6 of the brake drum are provided with annular linings 28-29 suitably riveted in place as at 30.

Thus it will be seen that when pressure is introduced into the spaces 0 and d, the diaphragms a and b are forced outwardly so that the annular friction plates 90 are pressed against the linings 28 and 29 to exert a braking action on the wheel. Due to the small area of the air chambers c and d the action is fast and positive. Upon the release of the air pressure the spring action of the diaphragms makes them resume their normal positions, as shown in Fig. 1. All torque is removed from the diaphragms by the the assembly plates through these anchor bolts.

The pump mechanism generally referred to by numeral 6 consists of the shell 3| provided with the removable cap -32 bolted in place as at 33. The bolts pa..s through spacers so that the cap 32 is spaced from the top of the shell to provide air vent means on the upward movement of the piston. Operative within the shell 3| is the piston 34 provided with suitable packing means and having the plunger 35 operating in the cylinder'36 which depends from theshell 3|. A foranchor bolts 23, the torque being transmitted to 2- motion 31 at one side of the cylinder 35 has the pocket 35 therein into which the valve element generally referred to by numeral 39 is movable. This valve element 35 is slidable in the bore 40 which communicates the pocket" with the in-' terior of the cylinder.

For urging the piston 34 upwardly, the spring 4| is interposed betweenthe bottom of the shell 3| and the piston 34, and as is shown in Figure 5,

a tube 42 extendsidownwardly from the piston 34 and operates through the body of the valve element 35. This tube 42is provided with the stop collar 43 and has perforations 44 therein. The lower end of thepocket 38 is threaded to receive the plug 45 as is shown; in Figure 5.

Numeral 45 represents the suction duct which is connected with the intake manifold 41' of g the internal combustion engine 5, while numeral 41 represents the duct through the body 31 to the atmosphere.

An adjustablethreaded element 48 is feedable against the spring 49 for adjusting the tension against the ball 55 for holding the valve element 39 either in the lowermost position or in the position shown in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 5, when suction is exerted on the piston 34, the piston is forced downwardly and as the collar 43 strikes the valve element 55, the valve element will be moved downwardly so as to close the port in which position, the ball 55 willbe engaging in the re- .cess 52. This downward movement of the valve' element will place the duct 41 in communication with the pocket 35 so'that air entering the pocket through the duct- 541 gwill pass through the tube 42 and the perforationsytherein into the lower part of the shell under the piston to permit the spring 4! to return the piston to its upper position and as the piston nears its upper position the bent lower end of the tube 42 will Y engage the valve element 39 and raise the same to the position shown in Fig. 5 so that the part of the shell'under the piston will be again in communication with the suction. of the engine so that the piston will move downwardly again. During the downward movement of the plunger 35, air in the cylinder 35 will be forced by the valve 53 and the outlet 54 to the pressure tank 55. The pressure tank 55 has theoutlet 55 from which leads a branch 51 to the gauge 51' and the pipe line 55 to the port 59 of the valve generally referred to by numeral 8.

The valve structure 8 consists of the shell 50 having the packed piston 6i therein operative across the port 52. The port 52 opens the chamber 53 into the pocket 64 which has the con- Interposed between the wall II and the plunger 6| is the coiled compressible spring 12 through which the boss13 is operative against the valve stem 14 of the valve 15 which is operative against the spring 15 adiustable'by the plug H in the adjacent end of the shell 50.

Obviously when the plunger Si is forced toward the left in Figure 4, the port 52 will be closed and the boss 13 will open the valve 15 so that pressure will be exerted through the inlet 59 from the pressure tank 55 to the chamber 53 and through the outlet 15 and pipe 19 to the brakes 9. Numeral 85 denotes the release valve which is normally maintained closed by the spring means 8!.

Thus when it is desired to apply the brake, the pedal 56 is pressed upon which through the rod 51' moves the member 58 forwardly against theaction of the spring 59 and causes the spring topress the members Hi and 5| forwardly so that the member if closes the port 52, thus closing communication between the chamber 53 andthe suction means of the engine and upon fur-; ther forward movement the part 13 will strike the part "of the valve 15 so as to move the valve 15 of! its seat. This will permit the pressure from tank 55 through port 59 to pass the valve 15 and thus flow into the chamber 53 and from this chamber the compressed air will pass through the port 18 and flow to the brakes through the pipes 19. When the pressure on the member 5! from the compressed air equals the pressure applied to the'brake pedal, the piston means and GI will recede, compressing spring 59 which will permit spring to close valve 15. Thus no more of the compressed air can flow into the brakes. Then when the pedal is released the parts return to the position shown in Fig. 4 which permits the pressure in chamber 53 toenter chamber 54 and escape through the valve 80 and vacuum from the engine through pipe 65 will exhaust the entire braking system. The spring I2 holds the piston parts 10 and GI in-released position when the vacuum is applied to the exhaustsystem. This vacuum exhaust of the system assures constant running clearance in the wheel units.

While the foregoing specification sets forth the invention in specific terms, it is 'to be understood that numerous changes in the shape, size and materials may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed hereinafter.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. Brake mechanism of the class described comprising a rotary part, a drum connected with said rotary part, a stationary part, an annulus connected with the stationary part and located in the drum, said annulus having transverse openings ,therein, annular diaphragms at the sides of the annulus and having their inner and outer edges connected with the annulus, friction plates contacting theouter faces of the diaphragm, anchor bolts having their heads slidably arranged in the openings of the annulus and the shanks passing through threaded holes in the friction plates and through holes in the diacomprising a rotary part, a drum connected with said rotary part, a stationary part, an annulus connected with the stationary part and located in the drum, said annulus having transverse openings therein, annular diaphragms at the sides of the annulus and having their inner and outer edges connected with the annulus, friction plates contacting the outer faces of the diaenema v Q 3- phragms, anchor bolts having their heads sildfaces 0! the'drum and engaged by the irictiou ably arranged in the openings of the annulus plates of the diaphragm when the diaphragm;

and the shanks passing. through threaded holes are expanded. and means for exerting separetive in friction plates and through holes in the dieioree against said diaphragm and the annulus 5 phregms for clamping the friction plates to said. to expand the diaphragm.

. 5 diaphragms. friction means carried by the inner DAVID FOWLER. IRBY. 

